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Refractory materials are used to line smelting furnaces. The most usual lining configuration in North America is one that consists of a thin layer of insulation castable protected from the liquid metal by a monolithic material with nonwetting additives. European practice is to use fired bocks and bricks.
Get Price2015-3-13 · function of the above three factors was quantitatively established in a single model, enabling the design of Co gradient via the control of carbon content and WC grain size. The result is expected to be valuable in design and manufacture of functionally graded WC– Co composite materials and components with improved performance. 2.
Get Price2016-1-12 · S. Wawrzik et al. Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 50 (2015) 282–289 283 Temperature wascalibrated with various melting points of pure metals as well with the Co–2.5 wt.% C eutectic reaction at 1320 °C.
Get Price2014-3-8 · Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 44 (2014) 7–11! Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 10 67396260. E-mail address: [email protected] (X. Yuan). 0263-4368/ – see front matter © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2014.01.004 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Get Price2009-2-20 · WC–Co cemented carbides are materials widely used for the manufacturing of cutting tools. They are known for their excep-tional combination of toughness and hardness. However, severe cutting conditions implying high temperature and stress produce plastic deformation of the cutting tool tips. Therefore, a better
Get PriceThe International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials (IJRMHM) publishes original research articles concerned with all aspects of refractory metals and hard materials. Refractory metals are defined as metals with melting points higher than 1800 °C.
Get PriceJACerS is a leading source for top-quality basic science research and modeling spanning the diverse field of ceramic and glass materials science. Young's modulus as a function of temperature was determined by a dynamic method for single‐crystal sapphire and ruby and for polycrystalline aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, thorium oxide, mullite,...
Get Price2 天前 · CiteScore: 5.5 ℹ CiteScore: 2020: 5.5 CiteScore measures the average citations received per peer-reviewed document published in this title. CiteScore values are based on citation counts in a range of four years (e.g. 2016-2019) to peer-reviewed documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, data papers and book chapters) published in the same four calendar years, divided by the number of ...
Get PriceThe International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials (IJRMHM) publishes original research articles concerned with all aspects of refractory metals and hard materials. Refractory metals are defined as metals with melting points higher than 1800 °C.
Get Price2018-7-17 · Abstract. Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have recently attracted much attention, primarily due to their mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. However, the equilibrium phase-stability of these alloy systems is not well established.
Get PricePhase stability as a function of temperature in a refractory high-entropy alloy - Volume 33 Issue 19. ... Journal of Materials Research, Volume 33, Issue 19: Focus Issue: Fundamental Understanding and Applications of High-Entropy Alloys, 14 October 2018, pp. 3235 - 3246.
Get Price2015-3-13 · function of the above three factors was quantitatively established in a single model, enabling the design of Co gradient via the control of carbon content and WC grain size. The result is expected to be valuable in design and manufacture of functionally graded WC– Co composite materials and components with improved performance. 2.
Get PriceRead the latest articles of International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials at ScienceDirect.com, Elsevier’s leading platform of peer-reviewed scholarly literature
Get Price2016-10-31 · Wear of magnesia-chrome refractory bricks as a function of matte temperature The Journal of The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy VOLUME 114 APRIL 2014 343 Figure 2—Backscattered electron image of the microstructure of the as-received magnesia-chrome brick Figure 3—Backscattered electron image of matte penetration (white
Get Price2014-3-8 · 8 X. Yuan et al. Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 44 (2014) 7–11 one indicate the relative area associated with a speci!c type of plane is larger than the area that would be expected in a random distribution,
Get PriceRefractory materials such as carbon possess properties that make joining them difficult. In this work, bonding of a carbon–carbon composite is achieved by employing self-sustained, oxygen-free, high-temperature combustion reactions.
Get Price2016-1-12 · S. Wawrzik et al. Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 50 (2015) 282–289 283 Temperature wascalibrated with various melting points of pure metals as well with the Co–2.5 wt.% C eutectic reaction at 1320 °C.
Get Price2021-3-28 · CiteScore: 2019: 5.5 CiteScore measures the average citations received per peer-reviewed document published in this title. CiteScore values are based on citation counts in a range of four years (e.g. 2016-2019) to peer-reviewed documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, data papers and book chapters) published in the same four calendar years, divided by the number of these documents …
Get Price1998-3-15 · The simplest method of incorporating a refractory period into a stochastic model of spike generation (Gray, 1967; Gaumond et al., 1982;Johnson and Swami, 1983) assumes that the firing rate λ(t,{t ij}) of a neuron is the product of a free firing rate q(t) and a recovery function w(t −t last) that reduces the firing rate immediately after a ...
Get PriceWe find that the yield strengths of high-entropy alloys and high-entropy metallic glass are a power-law function of the electron-work function, which is dominated by local atomic arrangements. Further, a reliance on the bonding-charge density provides a groundbreaking insight into the nature of loosely bonded spots in materials.
Get Price2021-3-28 · CiteScore: 2019: 5.5 CiteScore measures the average citations received per peer-reviewed document published in this title. CiteScore values are based on citation counts in a range of four years (e.g. 2016-2019) to peer-reviewed documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, data papers and book chapters) published in the same four calendar years, divided by the number of these documents …
Get Price2019-4-25 · bearing steel. After the modeling task, desirability function was used as a multiresponse optimization method. Mandal et al. [3] employed RSM to study flank wear of Zirconia Toughened Alumina and used de-sirability function to minimize tool wear as a function of cutting speed levels, feed rate and depth of cut. Benga and Abrão [26] have studied
Get Price2012-10-16 · Int. Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials 28 (2010) 383–387 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect ... in which gðaÞ is the integral function of conversion and has no ana-lytical solution. However, in order to write the above integral in a more general form, Ea RT
Get PriceProvided for non-commercial research and education use. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use. ELSEVIER Volume 28, issue 5, September 2010 ISSN 02E3-43S8 International Journal of REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS Editor-in-Chief Hugo M. Ortner This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier.
Get Price2021-1-22 · Fig. 3. Decrease in crystalline size as a function of milling time in stoichiometric WC composition. Fig. 4. XRD patterns of high energy ball milled W 4.2 wt.% C for 4 h at 10:1 BPR and milling speed of 300 rpm. S. Bolokang et al./Int. Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials xxx (2009) xxx–xxx 3 ARTICLE IN PRESS
Get Price2016-1-12 · S. Wawrzik et al. Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 50 (2015) 282–289 283 Temperature wascalibrated with various melting points of pure metals as well with the Co–2.5 wt.% C eutectic reaction at 1320 °C.
Get Price2016-7-12 · The refractory linings in these ladles are subjected to a severe operating environment and therefore need some preparation for continuous, trouble-free ladle operation. In this paper, the effect of various refractory combinations on the ladle system is reviewed. Keywords: Heat loss, Ladle Furnace, Refractory Lining, Optimization, Steel ...
Get Price2020-10-23 · 2. Thermodynamic Calculations. Thermodynamic simulation is based on the version 7.2 of FactSage TM software for thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. In this paper, the components of refractory materials such as MgO·Cr 2 O 3, MgO·Al 2 O 3, Al 2 O 3, MgO and Cr 2 O 3 are selected as research objects. The corrosion mechanism of Na 2 CO 3, Na 2 SO 4 and NaCl on refractory materials …
Get PriceRefractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have recently attracted much attention, primarily due to their mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. However, the equilibrium phase-stability of these alloy systems is not well established. The present investigation focuses on the phase stability of Al 0.5 NbTa 0.8 Ti 1.5 V 0.2 Zr RHEA at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1200 °C.
Get Price2020-2-28 · CRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary gene-editing technology that offers the potential to treat diseases such as cancer, but the effects of CRISPR in patients are currently unknown. Stadtmauer et al. report a phase 1 clinical trial to assess the safety and feasibility of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in three patients with advanced cancer (see the Perspective by Hamilton and Doudna).
Get Price2021-4-29 · CiteScore: 2019: 5.5 CiteScore measures the average citations received per peer-reviewed document published in this title. CiteScore values are based on citation counts in a range of four years (e.g. 2016-2019) to peer-reviewed documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, data papers and book chapters) published in the same four calendar years, divided by the number of these documents …
Get Price2009-2-20 · D. Mari et al./Int. Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials 27 (2009) 282–287 283 In Fig. 3, the thermalexpansion of WCmeasured in the WC skel- eton is …
Get PriceJournal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials Journal of Nano Research Diffusion Foundations Nano Hybrids and Composites Books Topics. All Books. Materials Science Building Materials …
Get Price2021-2-23 · fracture behaviour of refractory materials. 2. Testing and evaluation methods 2.1. Experimental investigation In order to investigate the relationship between the fracture process and R-curve behaviour, two typical refractory materials showing dif-ferent brittleness were evaluated in this study: a magnesia material and a magnesia spinel material.
Get Price2016-7-12 · The refractory linings in these ladles are subjected to a severe operating environment and therefore need some preparation for continuous, trouble-free ladle operation. In this paper, the effect of various refractory combinations on the ladle system is reviewed. Keywords: Heat loss, Ladle Furnace, Refractory Lining, Optimization, Steel ...
Get PriceMagnesia (MgO) is widely used in the production of refractory materials due to its high melting point, high thermal shock, and excellent slag resistance. The properties of refractory materials depend upon magnesia sources and processing parameters. In this work, three different magnesium sources, namely, magnesium hydroxide concentrate, magnesium carbonate concentrate, and intermediate ...
Get Price2018-10-1 · All these materials show very high hardness, giving wear resistance superior to a commercial superalloy,38,114 refractory metals and alloys,116 and tool steel.117 Poulia et al. 38 , 114 studied dry-sliding wear of a single-phase BCC MoNbTaVW using a ball-on-disk configuration with a 6 mm diameter 100Cr6 steel or Al 2 O 3 ball, an applied normal ...
Get Price2019-5-26 · The main aim of this study is to scrutinize promising plasmonic materials by understanding their electronic structure and correlating them to the optical properties of selected refractory materials. For this purpose, the electronic and optical properties of the conductive ceramics TiC, ZrC, HfC, TaC, WC, TiN, ZrN, HfN, TaN, and WN are studied systematically by means of first-principles density ...
Get PriceThe constitutive response and deformation mechanisms in refractory metals with a hexagonal close packed (hcp) crystal structure are reviewed. The research focuses on the high-strain-rate stress-strain response under uniaxial compressive loading and the associated microstructural deformation mechanisms. Some aspects relating to dynamic failure such as adiabatic shear banding in refractory ...
Get Price2020-10-20 · Refractory ceramic fibers (RCFs) are increasingly used as heating-insulated materials in various industries. However, toxicological and epidemiological studies focusing on the adverse effects of RCFs were still insufficient, particularly in China.
Get Price2021-2-23 · fracture behaviour of refractory materials. 2. Testing and evaluation methods 2.1. Experimental investigation In order to investigate the relationship between the fracture process and R-curve behaviour, two typical refractory materials showing dif-ferent brittleness were evaluated in this study: a magnesia material and a magnesia spinel material.
Get Price2019-4-25 · bearing steel. After the modeling task, desirability function was used as a multiresponse optimization method. Mandal et al. [3] employed RSM to study flank wear of Zirconia Toughened Alumina and used de-sirability function to minimize tool wear as a function of cutting speed levels, feed rate and depth of cut. Benga and Abrão [26] have studied
Get Price2014-5-22 · Wear of magnesia-chrome refractory bricks as a function of matte temperature The Journal of The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy VOLUME 114 APRIL 2014 343 Figure 2—Backscattered electron image of the microstructure of the as-received magnesia-chrome brick Figure 3—Backscattered electron image of matte penetration (white
Get Price2012-1-6 · Refractory lining of an aluminum melting and holding furnace are engineered with a primary design objective to keep the furnace condition stable throughout the life of the furnace. In consideration of energy saving, ideally all the heat added to the furnace should be used to heat the load or stock but in practice, a lot of heat is lost in several ways.
Get Price2014-3-8 · 8 X. Yuan et al. Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 44 (2014) 7–11 one indicate the relative area associated with a speci!c type of plane is larger than the area that would be expected in a random distribution,
Get Price2019-5-26 · The main aim of this study is to scrutinize promising plasmonic materials by understanding their electronic structure and correlating them to the optical properties of selected refractory materials. For this purpose, the electronic and optical properties of the conductive ceramics TiC, ZrC, HfC, TaC, WC, TiN, ZrN, HfN, TaN, and WN are studied systematically by means of first-principles density ...
Get Price2006-3-19 · the refractory lining have a great influence on the steel purity. Many steel plants use MgO-C refractories with a content of C between 5 and 20 wt-% as ladle refractory lining nearest the molten steel. The function of the carbon is to fill out the porous structure and to avoid the slag to penetrate. One explanation to this is that the
Get Price2020-2-28 · CRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary gene-editing technology that offers the potential to treat diseases such as cancer, but the effects of CRISPR in patients are currently unknown. Stadtmauer et al. report a phase 1 clinical trial to assess the safety and feasibility of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in three patients with advanced cancer (see the Perspective by Hamilton and Doudna).
Get PriceRefractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have recently attracted much attention, primarily due to their mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. However, the equilibrium phase-stability of these alloy systems is not well established. The present investigation focuses on the phase stability of Al 0.5 NbTa 0.8 Ti 1.5 V 0.2 Zr RHEA at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1200 °C.
Get Price2021-4-27 · Journal information Publishing model Subscription Journal metrics 10,009 (2020) Downloads. Latest issue. Volume 70. Issue 1, April 2021 View all volumes and issues. Latest articles. Books. Content type: Service; Published: 27 April 2021; Pages: 38 - 38; What is Sustainability, Anyway?
Get Price2015-2-24 · This is the published version of a paper published in International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. Citation for the or iginal published paper (ver sion of record): Sheikh, S. (2014) Fracture toughness of cemented carbides: Testing method andmicrostructural effects. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, (8)
Get Price2020-6-1 · Melting temperature measurement of refractory oxide ceramics as a function of oxygen fugacity using containerless methods. ... Weber, Alexandra Navrotsky. Publication Type Journal Journal Name Journal of the American Ceramic Society Publication Date ... Materials …
Get Price2018-4-25 · The challenge addressed in this paper is to explore alternate possibilities, particularly, by incorporating refractory materials as the plasmonic component of a chiral metamaterial. Specifically, we have chosen titanium nitride (TiN) which shows superior thermal and mechanical stability compared to noble metals and can be described by optical ...
Get Price2017-3-27 · The development of plasmonic and metamaterial devices requires the research of high-performance materials alternative to standard noble metals. Renewed as a refractory stable compound for durable coatings, titanium nitride has recently been proposed as an efficient plasmonic material. Here, by using a first-principles approach, we investigate the plasmon dispersion relations of TiN bulk and …
Get Price2014-9-1 · Lange, M, Garbes-Craig, AM & Cromarty, R 2014, 'Wear of magnesia-chrome refractory bricks as a function of matte temperature', Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, vol. 114, no. 4, pp. 341-346.
Get Price2019-10-22 · Improved toughness is a central goal in the development of wear-resistant refractory ceramic coatings. Extensive theoretical and experimental research has revealed that NaCl-structure VMoN alloys exhibit surprisingly high ductility combined with high hardness and toughness.
Get Price2019-11-11 · Improved toughness is a central goal in the development of wear-resistant refractory ceramic coatings. Extensive theoretical and experimental research has revealed that NaCl structure VMoN alloys exhibit surprisingly high ductility combined with high hardness and toughness. However, during operation, protective coatings inevitably oxidize, a problem which may compromise material properties and ...
Get PriceRefractory ceramic fibers (RCFs) are increasingly used as heating‐insulated materials in various industries. However, toxicological and epidemiological studies focusing on the adverse effects of RCFs were still insufficient, particularly in China.
Get Price2013-2-28 · Author Summary Oxidative stress and inflammation lead to the generation of a multitude of electrophiles in cells that in turn react with nucleophilic macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and proteins, leading to progression of a variety of disorders and diseases. Emerging evidence points to widespread modification of cellular proteins by N6-formylation of lysine …
Get Price2019-8-23 · The term refractory migraine has been used to describe persistent headache that is difficult to treat or fails to respond to standard and/or aggressive treatments. This subgroup of migraine patients are generally highly disabled and experience impaired quality of life, despite optimal treatments. Several definitions and criteria for refractory migraine have been published, but as yet, an ...
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